The Dutchman took his second win of the year ahead of Mercedes' Valtteri Bottas and Lewis Hamilton, who were unable to challenge in second and third.
An early safety car locked in the strategies of the leaders and led to a soporific race.
McLaren took third in the constructors' championship as Lando Norris and Carlos Sainz took fifth and sixth.
The prize for overhauling Racing Point - who started the race 10 points ahead but for whom Lance Stroll could finish only 10th as team-mate Sergio Perez retired early on - is in the region of $10m (£7.5m) of prize money.
Red Bull's Alexander Albon was fourth, 20 seconds behind team-mate Verstappen but close enough to the Mercedes to block any adventurous strategy choices, as the team weigh up whether to retain the British-Thai driver for 2021.
